Fire sprinkler system

Fire sprinkler system
It is an active fire system protection method consisting of a water supply system providing
adequate pressure and flow rate to a water distribution piping system onto which fire sprinklers
are connected. Historically they were only used in large factories and commercial buildings.
However they are now available at a cheap price and can be fitted in homes.
Usage
Fire sprinkler systems are required mostly in buildings that rise up to 75feet (23m), where the
abilities of fire fighters to provide adequate hose streams is limited. Sprinklers may be
recommended by insurance companies to reduce potential losses or business interruption or may
be required to be installed by building codes.
In some places such as the United States, places of assembly, generally over 100 persons and
places with accommodation such as hotels nursing homes hospitals and dormitories usually
require sprinklers either under the building codes or as a requirement to obtain certification.
Operation
Each closed head sprinkler is held closed by either a heat sensitive glass bulb or a two-part metal
link held together with fusible alloy.
The glass bulb or link applies pressure to a [pipe cap which acts as a plug which prevents water
from flowing until the ambient temp around the sprinkler reaches the design activation temp of
the individual sprinkler head. Only sprinklers near the fire will operate which maximizes water
pressure over the point of fire origin and minimizes water damage to the building.
Sprinkler activation will do less water damage than a fire department hose stream.
Fire pump room
It supplies water to the wet riser system where the water pump delivers the water to the sprinkler
system. They consist of different types of pumps including;
Duty pump- used to generate pressure within the sprinkler system to ensure continuous
water pumping process.
Standby pump- the stand by pump serves the same function as the duty pump only that it
does not start unless it receives signal from the secondary pressure switch.
Jockey pump- it’s a small pump that works along a duty pump to keep the water pressure
of the pipes within a specific range. As pipe leakage often happens and cause water pressure to
go down, jockey pump senses this and will fill them back up to normal pressure.
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