Physical education 1 reviewer midterm

LEARNING ACTIVITY NO. 1
TOPIC: Physical Education an Overview
Account Title: “Let us know about PE!”
What is Physical Education?
–
It is originated from the words physica and educatio both Latin words that
means physics and exercising the parts of the body and powers with the
purpose of promoting good health.
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It is concerned with the promotion of active lifestyle for all ages.
–
It is a branch and state of learning that uses the physical strength and ability
of the learners as a way of acquiring knowledge, emotional stability, body
wellness and skills – factors contributory to the holistic lifelong growth and
development of an individual.
–
An integral part of the total education process and has its aims the
development of physical, mental, emotional, social and spiritual through
the medium of physical activities that have been selected and planned to
achieve specific outcomes.
–
Instruction in the development and care of the body ranging from simple
calisthenics’ exercises to a course of study providing training in hygiene,
gymnastics, and the performance and management of athletic games (MerriamWebster).
BRIEF HISTORY OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Physical education started from the primitive times when the name of the game
was survival of the fittest where hunting was the primary way to live and outsmart
the unskilled.
We can trace the history of physical education in ancient Greece, although it also
existed in ancient Chinese, Indian and Egyptian civilizations. However, the influence of
the Greeks has a greater impact on how we perceive physical education at
present that is originated in the Greek tradition of the Olympic Games.
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION FROM 1906 TO PRESENT
•
1906 – Establishment of the Playground and Recreation Association of
America in order to promote the development of rural and urban playgrounds.
•
1916-1919 – Leadership for physical conditioning programs for the armed
forces and the home front were provided by physical educators.
•
1920-1929 – Continued expansion of Physical programs.
•
1940-1970 – Establishment of a Division of Physical Fitness in the Office of
Defense, Health and Welfare Services.
•
1970 to PRESENT DATE – Continuous growth due to technology in the area
of physical education and sports.
PERSONS WHO CONTRIBUTED TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSICAL
EDUCATION
A. Pierre Fredy, Baron de Coubertin, a French nobleman instigated the revival
of the Ancient Olympic Games. This was the start of the modern Olympic
Games.
B. Johann Bernhard Basedow in Germany, recognized the importance of
exercise and included gymnastics in P.E allotting up to 3 hours per day for it.
C. Johann Friedrich Guts Muths was the Great Grandfather of Gymnastic. He
had developed the seesaw, horizontal ladder, climbing rope, rope ladder,
balance beam and the oblique wooden ladder. In his book “Gymnastic for
Youth” he regards his system of teaching as ‘Natural Gymnastic”,
D. Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi firmly believed in education through “natural laws”
that he included in his programs natural activities like running, climbing,
jumping, and self-discovery. Pestalozzi is regarded as the founder of free arm
exercises or calisthenics. Pestalozzi is considered as one of the founders of
modern education. He expressed his particular views on physical education in an
article “Concerning Physical Education” in 1807
E. Friedrich Ludwig Jahn, called “TurnvaterJahn” was the “father of
Gymnastics” he refused to use the word gymnastics because his deep sense of
patriotism.
F. AdoLi Spiess believed that the child should grow mentally, emotionally,
physically, and socially in school, with physical education having the same
consideration as the other subjects. His system of “free exercise” required
almost no apparatus.
G. Per Henrik Ling was regarded as the “founder of Swedish gymnastics.” He
invented the stall bars and the vaulting box or sweding box.
H. Niels Bukh developed the concept of “primitive gymnastics” to build perfect
physique.
I. Archibald MacLaren designed a system of physical education for the British
army in 1860.
J. Catherine Beecher was the founder of the American Women’s Educational
Association and the first woman noted to establish any kind of Physical
Education for women.
LEARNING ACTIVITY NO.
TOPIC:
2
The Nature of Physical Education
ACTIVITY TITLE:
‘That’s My Physical Education!”
DISCUSSION
THE NATURE OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
This course exist in the elementary, secondary, and tertiary levels. Most often in the
tertiary it is taken as part of the general education program.
Basically, physical education guides students to acquire growth in their motor
skill; it is highly physical so that in teaching it, it is the most student-centered type of
all courses in college.
THE AIMS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
In doing the most basic function of physical education is to ensure physical
fitness. Three important aspects of the persons are also developed and these are
psychomotor, cognitive and affective.
▪
COGNITIVE
➢ It is about the intellectual capabilities of the person.
▪
AFFECTIVE
➢ Generally, it is the aim of education to develop the emotional skills of
the students.
▪
PSYCHOMOTOR
➢ It is the basic function of physical education, to build up physical
strength of the person. It develops organic system of the human body
whose outcome is power to resist fatigue.
BENEFITS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
There are several benefits that people can obtain from physical education.
1. Physical education activates sedentary lifestyle.
2. It promotes growths and development especially during a person’s growing
years.
3. It maintains good health and fitness for adults.
4. Exercises and physical fitness are very helpful in the prevention of different
serious illness that usually occur in adulthood.
5. It provides people sound and knowledge and awareness of their body.
6. It gives and reminds people about the importance of physical activities and
the advantages of using motor skills on games and sports.
7. It installs virtues of sportsmanship, the self-fulfillment, self-confidence,
resourcefulness, and determination that are relevant to wholesome living.
8. It makes people physically fit.
9. It incorporate sports and aesthetic like gymnastics, dance and music.
10. It provides relief in releasing stress, negative energy and anxiety through
physically-driven activities that modify life and divert energy towards sounder
outlook in life.
HEALTH BENEFITS OF EXERCISE AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES
The following are the benefits of an individual gets from regular exercise and physical
activities:
1. Energize one’s body and spirit.
2. Improve psychological, physical, and emotional well-being.
3. Enhance recreational and aesthetic involvement towards a more satisfying
outlook in life.
4. Reduce depression and anxiety.
5. Build and maintain healthy muscles, bones and joints.
6. Reduce risk and to common illness.
7. Maintain appropriated body weight form.
LEARNING ACTIVITY NO.
TOPIC:
3
Physical Fitness
ACTIVITY TITLE
‘Fitness for Life”
DISCUSSION
What is Physical Fitness?
Physical Fitness is the capacity of an individual to complete effectively and
efficiently his daily activities and tasks without undue fatigue and still has extra
energy to do recreational activities. Medical Fitness (Healthy Body) and Dynamic
Fitness (can perform wide range of movements-skills) are qualities of a physically fit
person.
Promotion of physical fitness is the primary objective in teaching physical
education subject.
An individual can achieve total fitness by having a healthy diet, appropriate nutrition,
correct exercise, proper hygiene and quality rests.
Physiological Fitness relates to the higher level of habitual physical activity.
Simple performance test using hand-held or portable devices such as weighing scale
and sit and reach box can be used. However, some components such as metabolic
fitness (MetF), morphological fitness (Morn, and bone integrity (BI) are measured using
special equipment in laboratory or medically supervised facility.
Are you physically fit?
If you are, then you are healthy and possess these qualities.
1. You Look Good
Regular physical activity is a healthy lifestyle. If you observe proper nutrition,
good posture and good body mechanics, then you have a healthy lifestyle that
can help you look your best.
2. You Feel Good
You will feel better if you engage in regular physical activity.
3. You Enjoy Life
You will enjoy life more when you have regular physical activities that make
you physically fit, allowing you to do more of the things you want to do.
4. You Are Ready To Meet Emergencies
You can help or assist other people who need help if you are fit and active.
LEARNING ACTIVITY NO.
4
TOPIC: Physical Fitness-Components and its Parameters
ACTIVITY TITLE:
DISCUSSION
‘Let’s Get Physical!’
Fitness Parameters
To achieve your desired level of fitness, you should consider the following fitness
parameters.
COMPONENTS OF PHYSICAL FITNESS
HEALTH RELATED FITNESS (HRF)
SKILL-RELATED FITNESS (SRF)
These fitness parameters are directly
This fitness parameters enable a person
attributed to the good physiological
to perform physical or sports activity.
function of your body in order to
They check one’s motor fitness and are
contribute to good health.
directed to good performance.
1. Cardio-respiratory endurance is the
1. Agility’s the ability to shift one’s body
measurement that checks if the heart,
in different directions quickly and
lungs, and muscles work in unison to
efficiently. People can join basketball
provide oxygen and blood during exercise and volleyball drills requiring quick
or workout. A person needs to attend
change of directions or play patintero with
swimming and aerobics classes or do
friends.
skipping rope, brisk walking, and running.
2. Muscular endurance is a muscular
2. Balance is the ability of the body to
training exercise to perform repeated
maintain stability in statistic or when
exercises without getting tired.
moving while resisting the force of
gravity. It is also the ability to hold the
body in a fixed position. Making routines
3. Muscular strength is the most
in a balances beam is a good example or
considered component among all
performing gymnastic positions like one-
components of physical fitness. It is
leg stand, bridge stand or v-sit.
one’s ability to lift weights. Joining
weight training sessions and helping build
3. Coordination is a skill related
one’s muscles are good for the body.
component of physical fitness that relates
to one’s ability to use the senses, such
4. Flexibility is the component that
as sight or hearing, together with other
allows all joints in the body to move in
body parts in performing motor tasks
their full range of motion. Attending
smoothly and accurately.
yoga classes is an excellent exercise.
4. Reaction time is the ability to react
5. Body composition is the relative
and make decisions quickly. Examples
proportion of muscle fat, bone and
are passing and catching in sports and
other tissues that comprise the body.
tagging games.
If an individual’s body has a high amount
of body fat, it will be difficult for him or her
5. Speed is the ability to perform
to attain physical fitness.
successive movements of the same
pattern in the shortest period of time.
6. Organic Vigor refers to the
Best exercises are joining running events
soundness of the heart, lungs, and
in the school community.
cardio-respiratory system of the body.
6. Power is the capacity to produce
maximum force.
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